id est
/'idi'est/ Cách viết khác : (i.e) /'ai'i:,'ðæt'iz/
Definition
Adverb: That is to say; in other words. It is used to introduce a clarification, explanation, or rephrasing of a preceding statement.
Usage
- Id est is a formal Latin phrase, almost always abbreviated as i.e., used in written English.
- Its function is to specify or make the preceding idea more precise. It introduces a restatement that is equivalent to or defines the first statement.
- It is typically placed after a comma or within parentheses.
Examples
- Please bring writing materials, i.e., a pen and paper.
- The event is for the core team, i.e., the project manager and lead developers.
- He works the graveyard shift (i.e., from 11 p.m. to 7 a.m.).
Advanced Usage
- Punctuation: In modern English, it is standard to follow the abbreviation "i.e." with a comma.
- Stylistic Note: "i.e." is used for clarification or definition. It is often confused with "e.g." (exempli gratia), which means "for example." A common mnemonic is: i.e. = "in essence" or "in other words," while e.g. = "example given."
Variants and Related Words
- i.e.: The standard abbreviation for .
- That is: The direct English translation and synonym, often used in less formal writing.
- In other words: A common English phrase with a similar clarifying function.
Synonyms
- That is
- That is to say
- Namely
- Specifically
- Viz. (videlicet)
Related Phrases
- i.e., vs. e.g.: A common point of confusion. Remember: Use i.e. to clarify (). Use e.g. to give examples ().
Adverb
-
that is to say; in other words
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